Does Salt Obesity Exist?

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation, caused by factors such as genetic inheritance; the behavior of the nervous, endocrine system. Altogether,there are two main causes: Higher intake of calories than the body uses and/orless physical activity than the body needs. It has been established that men with more than 25% body fat and women with more than 35% body fat are obese. According to the aforementioned criterion it has been reported that around the world there are 300 million obese people.

Fat tissue produces bioactive proteins known as adipocytokines as epidermal growth factor that binds heparin (HB-EGF), leptin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-a), the inhibitor of Plasminogen Activator-1 (PAI-1), resistin and adiponectin. The expression of these adipocytokines(except adiponectin) increases with the accumulation of visceral fat and contribute to the development of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, cerebrovascular events, kidney failure and some forms of cáncer.

Effect of Leptin and Oxidative Stress in the Blood of Obese Individuals

Obesity is a multifaceted condition and represents a pandemic that needs urgent attention. Obesity, both directly and indirectly, increases the risk for a variety of disease conditions including diabetes, hypertension, liver disease, and certain cancers, which in turn, decreases the overall lifespan in both men and women. Leptin most likely indicates satietyand fullness of energy stores under physiological conditions, but obesity is characterized by hyperleptinemia and hypothalamic leptin resistance. Many studies have found association between obesity leading to oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus type 2, and many others have shown that the level of ROS increase in obesity. 

Glutathione is a master antioxidant cellular defense, prevent damage to the important components caused by ROS such as free radicals and peroxide. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant pathways that result in the accumulation of lipid oxidation products such as lipid hydro peroxides and malondialdehyde. These materials are toxic and causeincreased risk of arteriosclerosis in the blood by other lipoproteins. In addition, increased oxidative stress in adults after exercise increases, It has been shown that aerobic exercise reduces oxidative stress in obese men.